When a promising nicotine vaccine failed in clinical trials a few years ago, scientists from The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) were determined to keep trying to help smokers overcome their addiction.  Now the team has designed a more effective nicotine vaccine and proven that the structures of molecules used in vaccines is critical. This breakthrough is expected to lead to a nicotine vaccine that succeeds … Continue reading Scientists design a nicotine vaccine which provokes a robust immune response.